Why Are Intra State Conflicts So Difficult Resolve

Why are Intra-State Conflicts so difficult to resolve? This essay analyses the reasoning behind the difficulty of solving intra-state conflicts. First, it examines the nature of Intra-State Conflicts, defining their origins and clarifying the different types. The Arab Spring serves as the case in point to elucidate the problem. Furthermore, it is necessary to describe the role of international actors in preventing as well as solving intra-state conflicts. Interventionism, as a conflict management tool will be empirically assessed. This essay argues that there are still imperialist characteristics in the behaviour of Western States, by emphasising upon NATO foreign policy conducted in response to the Arab Uprising. The biased interventions in intra-state conflict by international actors are highlighted as to why such conflicts are so difficult to resolve. Concluding, it is remarked that ethnic, religious and cultural tension within states, as well the friction between whole civilizations are a significant factor for the complicated nature of intra-state conflicts. In the post-cold war era, with the rise of globalisation and the interdependence of markets, one can observe the moribund decline of traditional inter-state conflicts and the rise of more complex intra-state conflicts. The reasons behind these conflicts are manifold but at the heart is arguably always a conflict of interest between two or more groups. The Uppsala Conflict Data Project (2016) defines armedShow MoreRelatedHow Democratization Is A Factor Of Peace Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pagesdemocratize? . That is why Western countries have focused their strategies accordingly (European security Strategy, National Security Strategy of the United States of America ). This topic was widely discussed until the second Iraq war. 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A Brief Encounter Free Essays

The poem â€Å"Summer Love† by Marilyn Chin written in 1994 uses descriptive emotional imagery through various tones to illustrate short lived relationships during the summer of a woman’s life. The situations and settings of the poem add to the theme of the poem as well as her use of figurative speech to describe the emotions she experiences during and from these relationships. The author Marilyn Chin has expressed several emotions within the poem through the use of descriptive imagery and by altering the tones of the piece, subsequently stimulating the readers’ imagination. We will write a custom essay sample on A Brief Encounter or any similar topic only for you Order Now The author’s creative writing conveys her underling message of change of emotions that are experienced in any relationship, whether it lasts minutes or a lifetime. Her use of figurative speech captivates the reader, and allows them to experience her emotional journey through language. Mei Ling Chin was born in Hong Kong in 1955 and migrated to the United States with her family where they resided in Portland Oregon. Upon the insistence of her father her name was changed to Marilyn as he thought it was necessary for school and he also had an obsession with Marilyn Monroe. Having family in Hong Kong, Hawaii and all over the West Coast reinforced assimilation as an important issue to her. 1 Being afraid of losing her roots she used poetry to recapture this aspect, however she acknowledges that the truth is we cannot recapture the past. Marilyn Chin is an Asian contemporary writer who has three collections of work and her other pieces can be found in various anthologies. She was influenced by activist poets and has won numerous awards throughout her career. This piece is reflective of a short lived relationship between a young woman possibly the author, and her encounter with a desirable partner with whom she has had a brief sexual encounter. This is concluded in the first stanza, which has her explaining that her companion has spent the night and that she does not mind him staying for breakfast, but she does not want him to remain afterward. Her statement that there is nothing worse than last night’s love implies there was a sexual occurrence of some sort. She also reflects on former companions during the third stanza, speculating if her resent beau plans to follow similar actions taken by her previous partners. She describes her previous lovers as being scorned, possibly due to her actions during their brief encounters. Throughout the poem the young woman’s sentiments toward her lover change via each stanza. There is a profound sexual undertone expressed throughout the piece which could also be associated with the title of the poem. The phrase summer love commonly implies a brief love affair during the summer months between two people who know that it will come to an end. The author has appropriately altered the tones of the piece to enhance the reader’s understanding of each stanza. The first emotion expressed is one of indifference towards her lover. The third line in the first stanza is the initial affirmation to the young girl’s apathy. â€Å"If this doesn’t please you, too bad, its all I have. †, (Chin 3) referring to her cooking breakfast consisting of dried lotus, bay oysters with scrambled eggs. Her unemotional statement has let her companion know that she is not concerned about their feelings. She has cooked breakfast and it does not matter if they stay to eat, yet if the meal is not of his preference, it is not of importance to her. The next line shows a more callous attitude towards her lover. â€Å"Do not linger; nothing worse in the morning than last night’s love. † (Chin 4-5) She is ready for him to depart, creating an intimidating atmosphere. The author has conveyed the impassive view she takes on the encounter through the woman’s statements in the last three lines. The woman’s apparent communications of these distant feelings demonstrate her indifferent attitude toward this person during the commencement of the poem. The second stanza denotes a lustful, yearning of her partner. She describes her partner’s physical attributes starting with his stomach, which she describes as flat, and uses a metaphor of their skin as milk in the moonlight. The second line’s hyperbole allows the reader to understand that even though they were amidst many people, she noticed his glimmer. As they dance, her judgment becomes clouded and her inhibitions appear to fade. The last two lines illustrate the physical connection that has occurred. â€Å"I let you touch me where I am most vulnerable, heart of the vulva, vulva of the heart. † (Chin 9-10) This metaphor is twice as significant. The first half represents that they have pleasured her physically in the most personal part of her body, while the second half symbolizes the emotional contact that her partner has made with her heart. 2 The author alters the mood of the piece again, when the woman expresses the compassion she begins to show. The first lines declare her trepidation that she might not find someone else like her partner. She does not want this association to be comparable to her past relationships, in which her previous lovers left scorned. The sentiment of the first three lines of this stanza illustrates her empathy. â€Å"Perhaps, I fear, there will not be another like you, / or you might walk away in the same face of others- / -blue with scorn and a troubled life. † (Chin 11-13) The feeling of dispassion once expressed has now been replaced, possibly due to her knowledge of the impending closure of the relationship. The author then gives the realization of the situation saying, â€Å"But, for now, let the summers be savored and the centuries be forgiven. † (Chin 14) The woman would like to preserve the good times and put any other concerns out of her mind for now. She ends the poem with the lines, â€Å"Two lovers in a field of floss and iris- / where nothing else matters but the dew and the light. † (Chin 15-16) The author poignantly ends her poem, where the woman is holding on to her memories, unconcerned of the future only thinking of the present. The situations and settings of the poem vary as much as the tones do. Our speaker stays the same yet her location seems to change throughout the stanzas. In the beginning our speaker appears to be at home. This is inferred by her comment to her partner regarding him not lingering around. Then it seems that either she has gone to a place where she is reminiscing about meeting, or seeing her partner, at what would be perceived as a function due to her reference of â€Å"a thousand tired eyes†. Chin 7) The last stanza doesn’t give the impression of the woman being at a specific setting but more of her reflecting on her past circumstances. The last two lines seem to be more of a daydream that has her envisioning herself and her partner in a field of floss and iris. The author uses figures of speech to captivate and retain the readers’ interest. The hyperbole used in the seventh line strengthens the author’s emphasis of her desire for her lover, being able to n otice her lover amongst many people. The metaphor used in the last two lines symbolizes the physical and emotional feelings experienced by the speaker. In conclusion, the author has used creative writing to express the emotions felt during diverging relationships to explicate the same emotions experienced in this particular relationship. In my opinion, the altered tones and situations create a balance to the poem that keeps the reader intrigued. The author has expressed the emotions that most people experience during their own relationships, whether or not the relationship was the similar to the one described in the poem. How to cite A Brief Encounter, Papers A Brief Encounter Free Essays The sun was beaming down onto the hills of Konstanz, a small and low-lying village, very close to the border with Switzerland. The men were walking to the station. They had been walking a long way and were very tired. We will write a custom essay sample on A Brief Encounter or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was late in the evening. They stopped off at a small cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ where they ordered some water and some crisps each. They paid and walked the final few metres until they arrived at the small and derelict station. There, they were stopped by a small group of soldiers, wearing their green, olive-coloured suits. They asked the men for their papers. The men handed their tatty papers over very reluctantly. They checked the papers and then told the exhausted men that they were not allowed to cross and that they had to see the general of the area. The tired men slowly walked the few steps across the battered platform, accompanied by the tired soldiers. On the other side of road, there was a small, brick-walled hut. They walked slowly up to it. Inside the general was reading the local newspaper, slouched back in his leather chair. ‘Ah, hello,’ he said calmly. They did not respond but looked around the little building. On the wall, there were lots of photographs of the squadrons in which he must have trained as a pilot. ‘You know that there are a group of fugitives from a German concentration camp, where are you from?’ he said. ‘We come from France. We are going to Zurich to greet our friends from school,’ Francois said. ‘You are the fugitives, aren’t you?’ he said, ‘you have caused us enough trouble.’ ‘We are not the†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘Yes you are,’ he said interrupting, ‘we have been told by General Heimlich back in Munich. Remember him? He has sent us a telegram of what you look like and your names.’ They stood still, looking at the photos. The sun was dying down as the evening started to approach. ‘We are not the fugitives, we are going to Zurich to see our friends,’ Francois said very persuasively. The general was not to be moved. He stayed there, smoking his pipe casually. ‘You are; because I know what you look like, so there is no point in trying to plead your case; and even if you are going to Zurich, you do not have the right papers to do so,’ he replied. ‘That is absurd!’ Raphael said. He stamped his foot on the ground loudly. ‘What is happening to us, then?’ said Francois. ‘No, don’t say that; I want a reason why we are being refused entry. Go on then, why?’ said Raphael. ‘The general from the camp in Munich has told others, and me, that three men of French origin have escaped. They match your figures and so I have to enquire as to who they are. He did not say any names so I will phone him now. If you could wait for a second or two,’ he replied. He picked up the phone from the other side of his wooden desk. He dialled the number carefully and slowly. He then listened in. ‘Ah, hello, is that General Heimlich?’ he enquired. ‘Yes,’ was the reply from the other end. ‘Hello, this is General Fuser, here in Konstanz,’ he replied. ‘I have three young men here, who say that they are French. They say that they are visiting some friends in Zurich. What are their names? ‘Francois, Raphael and Danni. They must be returned to Munich,’ he replied. ‘Ok, thanks, bye,’ he responded. He put the phone down onto the desk quietly. ‘Ok then,’ he said calmly. ‘General Heimlich has ordered that you be returned to Munich at once. You will get the next train, which leaves in ten minutes.’ ‘What!’ said Raphael. He started to shout at the general. He was restrained with difficulty by two of the soldiers and they were led of the building to the other side of the destroyed station. They picked up their bags and headed for the furthest platform. They were accompanied by the same soldiers. The train rolled into the station slowly. A pile of travellers got off it and dispersed into different parts of the station. The distraught men then got onto the train and it quickly left. The hills of the village quickly disappeared as the train gradually got further away from the ruined station. ‘How long will the journey be?’ Danni asked Francois. ‘Oh, only an hour. We will be there by seven,’ he replied. By now, the sun had died and it was beginning to get dark. The station was approaching and there were lots of people waiting patiently on the station platform. Also, there were a group of soldiers with General Heimlich. They were escorted of the train by the soldiers and taken to General Heimlich. The men were led to a car and then driven a few minutes to the familiar site of the Munich Concentration camp. When they arrived, there were about two hundred men, lined up against the fence, watching them arrive. All of the men quickly walked into the general’s office. He was furious. ‘Right then, you know why you are here. Why did you try to escape? We monitor all of the paperwork very closely. You will not escape again, though I am sure you will try again.’ ‘You will face a bad punishment,’ he said to them. ‘I think that two weeks isolation will do you a bit of good. If you do it again and then get caught, you will be in front of a firing squad.’ They looked around the room with a sense of concern. It was cold and windy outside and the only light was from a car over the hills in the distance. ‘Do you hear me,’ he shouted to them. ‘Yes,’ they said timidly. ‘You will be monitored very closely by the soldiers, and I will see you every two days. Also, there will be cabin checks every week,’ he said very angrily. ‘You have caused me enough trouble, and you will be punished.’ ‘Understand?’ ‘Yes,’ they replied quietly. The fugitives walked out of the room escorted by soldiers. When they neared the entrance, there was a huge cheer for them. The distraught men walked into the compound, surrounded by captives, congratulating them on what they had done. General Heimlich stood outside his office, pondering what to do with them next. How to cite A Brief Encounter, Papers

The Positive and Negative Effects of Music on the Internet free essay sample

The Positive and Negative Effects of Music on the Internet Technology has taken over every aspect of everyday life. Its hard to Image life without using some form of technology. The most dominating form of technology has to be the internet. The internet gives users access to new and improved ideas from around the world such as news, gadgets, and music. Music thrives on the internet and its impact can be seen as either a good thing or a bad thing.The old formula f the music Industry was as followed: 1. An artist creates a demo tape 2. Gets It In the hands off big record label 3. They like it 4. Sign the artist and start backing up that artist That formula would change forever when music became available on the internet. The middle man was cut out and the artist would have creativity over themselves. Origins of that self reliance dates back to 1998 when Chuck D of Public Enemy released a song on his own website without consent from his label Deaf Jam. We will write a custom essay sample on The Positive and Negative Effects of Music on the Internet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That bold move changed the music industry and redefined the relationship between the Caucasian and his label (Studio). From then on, new and old artist had a choice of moving ahead with the standard big label formula or move alone by themselves. The independent route went viral and artist started Jumping on that bandwagon, benefiting more from that then they ever would have with a label. This new music industry shows a lot of positive progress being made on the artist and labels part. The biggest achievement the Internet has given to the Industry Is access to a wider fan base.When music is available on the internet, fans can access more music from heir favorite artist that theyve never heard before. With that method, word of mouth starts and it creates a bigger fan base and more attention for the artist. Artists arent the only ones benefiting from the internet. Record labels can benefit from the use of the Internet. If an artist has an Internet buzz leading to an albums release, they will see a bigger Increase In sales. That success can provide the record labels with more profit and a better understanding of the new music industry. Not only major labels but independent labels benefit from the internet as well. Artists on the independent labels dont have as much exposure as major artists (radio play, TV spots, etc) but their internet presence can be just as important. Since independent labels dont have as much money as the majors, they dont stand to lose that much with free music being offered on the Internet. According to the ARIA 85% of artists are actually In money major labels put behind their artist. With an independent artists music as available on the internet, the only advantage is exposure for them and the label as Nell.Since the money is out of pocket, independent labels dont stand to lose that much. The internet is a stepping stone for opportunity, but this new wave can backfire and bring negative effects to everyone available. The internet serves as a musicians utopia on the surface, but the business side can suffer due to one big problem: piracy. Its the biggest downside to the internet as the industry loses about $4. 2 billion to piracy worldwide (Cons). From buyers to labels to artists, piracy effects each of these people in a negative way.Consumers find that CDC become more expensive due to the lack of sales. That drives more buyers to be a part of the millions involved in illegal downloading. Record labels lose as more money in being generated out and not enough is being brought back in. According to the ARIA, eighty-five percent of recordings released dont generate enough revenue to cover their costs (Cons). With piracy alive and well, labels cant afford to fund the shipping of CDC, promotion, and more importantly the artists themselves.